May 8, 2023

16. चित्रा मुद्गल के उपन्यास ‘आवां’ में नमिता का संघर्ष – (प्रो.) डॉ. अनुसुइया अग्रवाल डी. लिट्.

By Gina Journal

Page No.: 113-117

   fp=k eqn~xy ds miU;kl ^vkoka* esa uferk dk la?k”kZ

¼izks-½ M‚- vuqlqb;k vxzoky Mh- fyV~ 

                                                                                                                                                                                      

         fp=k eqn~xy dk vkoka* L=h&psruk dh ns’kt ç—fr ij tksj nsrk gSA uferk bl miU;kl dh ukf;dk gSA ogh vk¡[k gS bl miU;kl dhA miU;kl dk vkjaHk Hkh uferk ls gS vkSj var HkhA ?kj dh ,d ftEesnkj yM+dh uferk fdl rjg cpiu ls gh ;kSu&’kks”k.k dk f’kdkj gksrh gS] ?kj dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr dks lq–<+ djus gsrq fdu&fdu le>kSrksa ls vutkus gh 2&4 gksrh gS vkSj var esa Lo;a dks Bxk eglwl dj viuh iqjkuh uhao dh vksj ykSV tkrh gS] ;gh bl miU;kl dk lkj gSA chp esa uferk dh dFkk gS vkSj Jfed thou ,oa mPpoxhZ; thou dh dqN midFkk,¡ gSaA dFkk&midFkk ds chp uferk lsrq gSA ^vkoka* dk egRo mldh laf’y”V dFkkoLrq ds lkFk gh mldh :ixr lgtrk esa Hkh gSA eqfä ds vxqvk le>k tkus okyk iq#”k oxZ L=h dks çFker% vkSj varr% nsg gh ekurk gSA eqfä dh reke yM+kb;k¡ varr% iq#”kksa ds vius yksHk&ykHk dh yM+kb;k¡ gSa] tks fir`lÙkk ds ‘kkfe;kus ds uhps gh yM+h tkrh gSA dHkh&dHkh fL=;ksa dks Hkze gksrk gS fd bu yM+kb;ksa esa mudh Hkh Hkkxhnkjh gS vkSj bl rF; dh vksj mudk /;ku gh ugha tkrk fd fir`lÙkk ean&ean eqLdqjkrs gq, bl foHkze dks cuk, j[kuk pkgrh gSA   

                        dgk tkrk gS  ^ek¡ dh dks[k] dqEgkj dk vkokaA* ftl rjg isV p<+s fnuksa esa ek¡ dks vfrfjä lko/kkuh cjruh iM+rh gS fd dgha mlds isV esa fdlh rjg dh pksV u yx tk, ;k dksbZ l[r /kDdk u yxs ftlls mlds H:.k dks {kfr igqaps mlh rjg gS ^dqEgkj dk vkokaA* dqEgkj pkd ij feêh ls [kwclwjr f[kykSus] uDdk’khnkj lqjkgh] lqanj&lqanj fpfM+;k] dkSok] gkFkh] ?kksM+k] eksj] canj] feêh ds dykRed crZu cukrk gSA ysfdu vxj bu dykRed [kwclwjr crZuksa vkSj uDdk’khnkj lqjkgh dks vkosa esa iwjh lko/kkuh ls idk;k u tk, rks tc vkoka [kksyk tkrk gS rks lkjh [kwclwjr oLrq,¡ tydj dkyh gks ldrha gSaA ,sls esa crZu VwVs&QwVs fudyrs gSaA ^vkoka* dk okP; vkx vkSj vk¡p dk okP; gSA Lo;a ysf[kdk us miU;kl esa dgk gS& Þck/;rk ls O;fä dk mUes”k dqafBr gksrk gSA LokHkkfod çfØ;k gSA çR;sd ;qok ân; ds dqN* lius gksrs gSaA ,d vkoka gksrk gS vk¡p ls ngdrk ftldh idkoV ls og vkdka{kk dh Hkhfr mBkrk gSA Nktu Nkurk gSA eSa ugha pkgrk fd VªsM ;wfu;u esa vkus dk fu.kZ; og fodYighurk ls vkØkar gksdj djsA lekt&lsok dk ladYi e#Hkwfe dh rirh ihB gSA lkekU; O;fä mls viuh ‘kq”d laosnuk ds ik;ksa ij ugha >sy ldrkAß¼1½ ,d vksj og L=h&foe’kZ dh xgjh iM+rky djrk gS rks nwljh vksj og blfy, Hkh egRoiw.kZ gS fd VªsM ;wfu;u vkSj etnwj vkanksyu ls lacaf/kr fdlh efgyk dFkkdkj }kjk fyf[kr og fgUnh dk igyk miU;kl gSA

                        bl miU;kl ds dsaæ esa uferk uked ,d e/;eoxhZ; ;qorh gS ftls vius firk vkSj etnwj usrk nsoh’kadj ikaMs ds dkj.k etnwj vkanksyu ,oa VªsM ;wfu;u dh okLrfodrk dks fudV ls ns[kus dk volj feyk gSA mlds usr`Ro dh dqaBkvksa vkSj nqcZyrkvksa ls for`”.kk ds dkj.k og mlls nwj Hkh pyh tkrh gS ysfdu nqfu;k dks dkQh&dqN vius <ax ls ns[k ysus ds ckn vius vafre fu.kZ; esa og fQj viuh mUgha NwVh gqbZ tM+ksa dh vksj ykSVrh gSA og vkoka gh gS tks mls x<+rk&idkrk gS vkSj jkg ds pquko dk foosd nsrk gSA ?kj esa ddZ’kk&Øwj ek¡ vkSj ckgj dk yksyqi iq#”k ifjos’k dk og dHkh lcy çfrjks/k ugha dj ikrhA etnwj vkanksyu ds usrk firkrqY; vUuk lkgc dh fo—r ;kSu fØ;kvksa dk Hkh og rRdky çfrjks/k ugha dj ikrhA LrC/k gks tkrh gS tc vUuk lkgc mlls dgrs gSa& Þ ns[kks] nksLr dh csVh gks rqe] csVh ugha gks esjhA firk leku gw¡ eSa rqEgkjs] firk ugha gw¡A fj’rs dh bl xgu varlwZ{Erk dks eglwl dj yksxh rks lEcU/kksa ls Lo;a dks ‘kksf”kr vuqHko ugha djksxhAß¼2½ fcuk fdlh ls dgs og dkexkj v?kkM+h dh Ål ukSdjh dks NksM+ nsrh gSA cl vius firk dks jksrs gq, lwfpr djrh gSA firk mlds fu.kZ; esa mldk lkFk nsrs gq, fy[krs gSa&Þ eq>s [kq’kh gS fd rqeus igyh ckj vius fo”k; esa Lora= fu.kZ; fy;kA foosd tkx`r gS rqEgkjk] tkx`r gh j[kukA eSa rqels gjfxt ugha iwNwaxk fd rqe ogk¡ ukSdjh D;ksa ugha djuk pkgrh\ fuf’par gksdj lks tkvks& u, Hkksj dh çrh{kk esa] ftls dksbZ lw;Z ugha ]Lo;a vkneh x<+rk gSAß¼3½ bl miU;kl esa firk&iq=h dk ;g vVwV&fj’rk cgqr lqanjrk ds lkFk n’kkZ;k x;k gSA uferk ftlds firk ej.kklUu esa iM+s gq, gSa] ftldk ?kj Hkh Hk;kud vkfFkZd&nckoksa ls xqtj jgk gS] og yM+dh ukSdjh dh ryk’k esa yksdy Vªsu ls jkst lQj djrh gS] lkfM+;ksa esa Q‚y yxkrh gS] Jethok laLFkku esa lkS&lok&lkS ds djhc ikiM+ csyrh gS og eghus ds 1100/& :i;s dh ukSdjh NksM+ nsrh gS rks ;g mlds vkRelEeku dh j{kk dk lcls cM+k mnkgj.k gSA uferk ds ckjs esa ysf[kdk dgrh gSa& Þ dbZ ckj dgk gS eSausA og esgur ls th ugha pqjkrhA vius dks iy&iy x<+rh gqbZ bl fuEu e/;oxhZ; yM+dh ds fopyuksa vkSj ladkspksa dks xgjkbZ ls le>s fcuk mlds pfj= fodkl ds euksfoKku dks le>uk eqf’dy gSAß¼4½

                        fp=k th us bl miU;kl esa igyh ckj /kks[ks ls dks[k [kjhnus dh ço`fÙk;ksa dk HkaMkQksM+ fd;k gSA vatuk oklokuh uferk dks lat; duksbZ ds fy, vkHkw”k.kksa dh ekSMfyax djus dh ukSdjh fnyokrh gSA ;gk¡ lat; duksbZ çse tky fcNkdj uferk ds lkeus vius nq[kh nkEiR;&thou dk jksuk jksrk gS& Þ L=h gksdj Hkh fueZyk ,slh mRihM+d dhp gS] ftldh nqxaZf/kr yQksan nfl;ksa ckj /kks&iksaN ysus ds ckotwn] fnekx ls ugha /kqyrhAß¼5½ fueZyk duksbZ dk i{k ys ,d lqy>h gqbZ uferk dgrh Hkh gS& Þ cPpk iSnk u dj ikus dh vleFkZrk fdlh ds lkFk Hkh gks ldrh gSA D;ksa ukjkt gSa vki muls\ eku yhft;s] vki uiqald gksrs rc\Aß¼6½ lat; bl ç’u dk mÙkj cgqr lQkbZ ls nsrs gq, dgrk gS& Þvxj eSa uiqald gksrk] fuf’pr gh mldh ftanxh dks mlds ek;us thus nsrk& Lo;a mlds jkLrs ls gVdjA eku&e;kZnkvksa dk vkMacj vxj og njfe;ku cuk, j[kuk pkgrh] ;dhu djks] oSlh fLFkfr esa fujadq’rkvksa dh Vksap ls mls mBrs&cSBrs cha/krk u jgrkA lksus dk fiatjk u lkfcr gksrk mlds fy,] ftlds can njokts flQZ esjs b’kkjs ij [kqyrs] can gksrsA iwjk Lisl nsrk eSa mls] tks gj O;fä dk cqfu;knh vf/kdkj gSA vc Hkh fn, gq, gw¡& uiqald u gksus ds ckotwnA çek.ki= gS esjs iklAß¼7½ uferk bruk vf/kd ml ij ;dhu djus yxrh gS fd fe= g”kkZ ds lat; duksbZ ls vkxkg djus ij og v/khj gks dg iM+rh gS&Þ NksM+ u! bl ckjs esa rwus igys Hkh lko/kku fd;k FkkA eSa vc Hkh rq>ls vlger gw¡A ‘kknh’kqnk vkneh balku ugha gksrk\ eku yks] C;kg&’kknh dk dksbZ lehdj.k thou esa xyr cSB tk, rks mlds ihNs xys esa iRFkj cka/k vkneh dks unh esa Nykax yxk nsuh pkfg,\ lkSjh g”kkZ! fueZyk duksbZ ls eq>s xgjh lgkuqHkwfr Fkh] vc ughaA okLrfodrk ls vifjp; esjh lhek FkhA ml lhek dk vc vfrØe.k gqvk gSA mu i{kksa ls voxr gqbZ gw¡ eSa tks fdlh Hkh lkekU; O;fä dks fof{kIr djus ds fy, i;kZIr gSaA cgjgky] viuh ftanxh thus dk ;g mudk viuk utfj;k gks ldrk gSA Lora= gSa ogA eq>s D;k ysuk&nsuk! lat; ds ekufld d”V ls vycÙkk] fopfyr t:j gw¡A ml d”V ls eSa Lo;a dks fujis{k ugha j[k ik jghA etcwjh gS esjhA blesa L=h gksdj L=h dk ?kj mtkM+us tSlh D;k ckr gS\ tkfgj gS] ftls viuk ?kj Lo;a laokjuk ugha vk,xk] mldk ?kj mtM+sxk ghA ml ?kj ds ihNs fdlh L=h dk gkFk ughaA mtM+k&mtM+k;k gSA Lo;a mudk ifr ugha pkgrk fd Hkfo”; esa os ifr&iRuh cus jgsaA cw<+s lkl&llqj ugha pkgrs fd og mudh cgw cuh jgsA ifr dh ckr le> esa vkrh gSA gks ldrk gS] og iRuh ds lax t~;knrh dj jgs gksaA ysfdu cw<+s lkl&llqj\ß¼8½

                                    miU;kl esa ysf[kdk us dFkk&lw=ksa dh bruh fn’kk,¡ [kksy nh gSa fd çR;sd lw= ,d u, iFk ds vuos”k.k esa tkrk fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA foæqi] xyktr] fo—fr] lM+ka/k vkfn dh ryNV ds lkFk&lkFk vR;ar rjy] eksgd] dksey vkSj ekuoh; rarqvksa dks iwjh lajpuk esa bl çdkj foU;Lr dj fy;k x;k gS fd ge bls çk;% ,d eqdfEey miU;kl dgus dk yksHk laoj.k ugha dj ikrsA tc uferk xHkZikr djuk pkgrh gS rks lat; mls jksd nsrk gSA ij tc gSnjkckn esa uferk dks vUuk lkgc dh gR;k dk lekpkj feyrk gS rks ml vk?kkr esa mldk xHkZikr gks tkrk gSA bl ?kVuk ds ckn uferk dks lat; duksbZ dk tks vlyh :i ekywe iM+rk gS og fny ngyk nsus okyk gSA og dgrk gS&Þ tkurh gks! cki cuus ds fy, eSaus rqEgkjs Åij fdruk [kpZ fd;k\ ml ekewyh vkSjr vatuk oklokuh dh vkSdkr gS fd rqEgkjs Åij iSlk ikuh dh rjg cgk lds\ mldk ftEek flQZ bruk Hkj Fkk fd og esjs firk cuus esa esjh enn djs vkSj lkSns ds eqrkfcd viuk deh’ku [kk,A og ,slh ipklksa yM+fd;ksa dks ijksl ldrh Fkh] tks eq>ls ;kSu&laca/k dk;edj dsoy iNÙkj gtkj esa eq>s cki cuk ldrh Fkha—- eSa jafM;ksa ls cki ugha cuuk pkgrk Fkk] ftuds fy, cPpk iSnk djuk egt lkSnk Hkj gks vkSj tks vusdksa ls lkSnk dj pqdh gks— eq>s ugha xokjk Fkh ,slh fdjk, dh dks[k! eq>s flQZ ml yM+dh ls vkSykn pkfg, Fkh tks is’ksoj u gks— ifo= gks] tks eq>ls çse dj ldsA flQZ esjs fy, ek¡ cus! flQZ eq>ls lgokl djs… gekjk fe’ku lQy jgk— rsjg o”kZ ckn eSa cki cuk—vius cPps dk ckiA ml vkSjr ls ftls eSa lpeqp I;kj djus yxk! mlh us— mlh us eq>s /kks[kk fn;k\ esjs cPps dh tku ys yhAß¼9½ uferk dks yxrk gS mldk xHkZ dy ugha] vkt fxjk gSA og lksprh gS nwljs dh utj ls ns[kh gqbZ nqfu;k viuk lp ugha gksrh] u viuk vuqHkoA uferk ykSV vkrh gS vius ,s’o;Z Hkou ls vkSj dFkk ,d vkRe?kkrh fopyu lsA fdUrq ykSVuk çk;% ,d fiPNy Hkwfe dh vksj ys tkrk gSA og ykSVrh Hkh gS rks fd’kksjhckbZ ds ikl tks ,d etnwj ek¡ Hkh gS vkSj uferk dh lkSrsyh ek¡ HkhA mldk ek¡ ds ikl ykSVuk Hkh ,d çk;f’pr gS vkSj vc mls fdl ekspsZ ij gksuk gS] bldh vksj bafxfr HkhA miU;kl dk var thou dks fQj ls ,d ubZ ÅtkZ ds lapkj ls vkxkt djus dh lh[k nsrk gS dfo vorkj flag ^ik’k* dh fy[kh iafä;ksa }kjk&

                                    ge yM+saxs lkFkh

                                    mnkl ekSle ds f[kykQ

                                    ge pqusaxs lkFkh

                                    ftanxh ds VqdM+s

                                    ge yM+saxs] tc rd nqfu;k esa

                                    yM+us dh t:jr ckdh gSA

                                    ge yM+saxs fd yM+s cxSj

                                    dqN ugha feyrkA

                                    ge yM+saxs fd vc rd

                                    yM+s D;ksa ugha!

                                    tks yM+rs gq, ej x,

                                    mudh ;kn ftank j[kus dks

                                    ge yM+saxs lkFkh

                                    ge yM+saxsA¼10½

                                    ysf[kdk var esa ,d lh[k nsrh gSA viuk gd vius ilhus ls gh feyrk gSA ilhuk pkgs Je dk gks ;k la?k”kZ dk] çfrokn dk gks ;k vkØks’k dkA mls lqyxkvksA Ålls eqykdkr djksA rqe ‘kk;n mlls fcuk feys gh mlls Mj xbZA Mjks erA mBks! mBdj pyksA mnkl ekSle ds f[kykQ— tks vius ls yM+ ldrk gS] ogh muls yM+ ldrk gS] ftugksus mtkys ij dkfy[k iksrus ds fy, vius gkFkksa dks dkyk dj fy;k gS—A

                        miU;kl esa etnwj oxZ gks] fuEu e/;oxhZ; ifjokj gks] ofdaZx oqesu gksa ;k mPp&oxhZ; ik=] bu lcesa ,d gh dsUæh; rRo varfuZfgr gS& vk/kqfud lekt esa L=h dh fLFkfr] mldk la?k”kZ] mldk ‘kks”k.k] mldh ;kruk rFkk varr% ljsvke mls mRihfMr vkSj uXu dj mldk ^o/k*A blh ^vkoka* ;k Hkëh esa L=h yxkrkj id jgh gSA miU;kl dh lEiw.kZ dFkk blh ^lqyxrs lR;* dk ekfeZd vkSj nk#.k jpukRed nLrkost gSA bl :i esa ;g xgjs vFkksaZ esa csgn lksQsfLVdsVsM ^QsfefuLV* miU;kl gSA

                        ^fdlh ?kkV dh ikuh Mwch lhf<+;ksa ds Hkze&lk* thou gj Lrj ij utj blfy, vkrk gS fd vkoka ^e#Hkwfe dh rfIr ihB* rks fn[kkrk gS] ysfdu euq”; ds Je dks e#Hkwfe esa gjk gksrs ugha crkrkA miU;kl ds ^iRFkjxêh* okys Hkkx esa vyx rjg ds ^vkoka* ty jgs gSaA jafM;ksa dh leL;k dk] jtuhfrKksa dh ped dk] bZiVk ds ukVd dk vkSj mu reke ‘kSrkfu;ksa dk tks fuyEek vkSj fLerk] gchck vkSj vuhlk lcds vanj ,d leku gSA ysf[kdk tc ;g dgrh gS rks yxrk gS tSls ihM+k dk viuk u dksbZ le; gS] u Lisl] og rks loZxkeh gS vkSj loZxr gSA ysf[kdk us miU;kl dks mlds mRd”kZ ij ys tkdj fojspu ds ukVdh; fl)kUr dk ikyu Hkh dqN lhek rd fd;k gSA

fuld”kZ& ,d vkØks’kfoghu BaMkiu var esa viuh fu;fr esa okilh ds lkFk gqvk gSA diM+ksa dk jQw gksuk rks ge lcus ns[kk gS] ysfdu thou dks dSls jQw fd;k tkrk gS] ;g ns[kuk gks rks bl miU;kl dks i<+uk pkfg,A ^vkoka* dk ,d egRo ;g Hkh gS fd blesa ysf[kdk us mtkyksa ds ihNs ds L;kg v¡/ksjksa dks cgqr çHkkoh <ax ls ikBdksa dh vk¡[kksa ds lkeus yk [kM+k fd;k gSA var esa ysf[kdk gesa Hkksj dh lqcg dk Lej.k fnykrh gS] ftanxh fQj ls ‘kq: dh tk ldrh gSA lat; duksbZ ds uke ,d dksjh fpëh NksM+ tkrh gS uferkA ,sls lân; [kjhnnkjksa dh —rKrkKkiu ds fy, ‘kCn gks ldrs gSa mlds ikl\ tks gqvk] mldk gksuk vPNk Fkk ;k cqjk] vc bl }an~ ls Lo;a dks fuokZflr djrs gq, og cl bruk gh lksprh gS& ‘kk;n mldh Hkh dksbZ vfuok;Zrk FkhA ;g Hkh lp gh dgk x;k gS& tc rd Lo;a feêh ij QkoM+s u pykvks rc rd le> ugha vkrk fd lrg ds uhps dh Åldh ç—fr dSlh gS— D;k gS\ ysf[kdk fueZyk iqrqy viuh dfork ^D;k rqe tkurs gks* esa L=h ds ckjs esa dgrh gS&

                                    D;k rqe tkurs gks

                                    iq#”k ls fHkUu

                                    ,d L=h dk ,dkar\

                                    ?kj] çse vkSj tkfr ls vyx

                                    ,d L=h dks mldh viuh tehu

                                    ds ckjs esa crk ldrs gks rqe\

                                    crk ldrs gks                

                                    lfn;ksa ls viuk ?kj ryk’krh

                                    ,d cspkSu L=h dks

                        mlds ?kj dk irk\

                                    D;k rqe tkurs gks

                                    viuh dYiuk esa

                                    fdl rjg ,d gh le; esa

                                    Lo;a dks LFkkfir vkSj fuokZflr

                                    djrh gS ,d L=h\

                                    liuksa esa Hkkxrh

                                    ,d L=h dk ihNk djrs

                                    dHkh ns[kk gS rqeus mls

                                    fj’rksa ds dq#{ks= esa

                                    vius vkils yM+rs\

                       

                                    ru ds Hkwxksy ls ijs

                                    ,d L=h ds

                                    eu dh xkaBsa [kksydj

                                    dHkh i<+k gS rqeus

                                    mlds Hkhrj dk [kkSyrk bfrgkl\

                                    i<+k gS dHkh

                                    mldh pqIih dh ngyht ij cSB

                                    ‘kCnksa dh çrh{kk esa mlds psgjs dks\

                                    mlds vanj oa’kcht ckrsa

                                    D;k rqeus dHkh eglwlk gS

                                    mldh QSyrh tM+ksa dks vius Hkhrj\

                                    D;k rqe tkurs gks

                                    ,d L=h ds leLr fj’rs dk O;kdj.k\

                                    crk ldrs gks rqe

                                    ,d L=h dks L=h&–f”V ls ns[krs

                                    mlds L=hRo dh ifjHkk”kk\

                                    vxj ugha

                                    rks fQj tkurs D;k gks rqe

                                    jlksbZ vkSj fcLrj ds xf.kr ls ijs

                                    ,d L=h ds ckjs esa—\

lanHkZ&xzaFk lwph

1½       eqn~xy- fp=k- vkoka- lkef;d çdk’ku- ubZ fnYyh- 2015- i`- 75

2½       ogh] i`- 136

3½       ogh] i`- 143

4½       eqn~xy- fp=k- esjs lk{kkRdkj- fdrkc?kj çdk’ku- ubZ fnYyh- 2010- i`- 211

5½       eqn~xy- fp=k- vkoka- lkef;d çdk’ku- ubZ fnYyh- 2015- i`- 425

6½       ogh] i`- 424

7½       ogh] i`- 424

8½       ogh] i`- 468

9½       ogh] i`- 539

10½     ogh] i`- 540

¼izks-½ M‚- vuqlqb;k vxzoky Mh- fyV~   

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